Gene_name | Experimentally Verified Resistance Gene Information | Predicted Resistance Gene Information |
abeM | BacMet ID: BAC0001Code for:
EffluxFamily: MATE familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Acinetobacter baumanniLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Triclosan [class: Phenolic compounds], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)]Description: H-coupled multidrug efflux pump. Confers resistance to Antibiotics such as quinolones and aminoglycosides and antibacterial biocides such as dyes, QACs. Length (amino acid):
448Reference: Su et al. 2005; Pubmed- 16189122
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
adeI | BacMet ID: BAC0017Code for:
effluxFamily: RND superfamily, MFP familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Acinetobacter baumannii (strain AB0057)Location:
ChromosomeCompound: Acridine Orange [class: Acridine], Safranin O [class: Azin], Pyronin Y [class: Xanthene], Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) [class: Organo-sulfate], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Chlorhexidine [class: Biguanides], Crystal Violet [class: Triarylmethane], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Sodium Deoxycholate (SDC) [class: Acid], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Methyl Viologen [class: Paraquat], Rhodamine 123 [class: Xanthene], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Synergize [class: QAC-Glutaraldehyde], Virkon S [class: Peroxysulfate], Wex-cide-128 [class: Phenyl]Description: Part of AdeIJK MDR pump. Contributes to resistance to beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, erythromycin, lincosamides, fluoroquinolines, fusidic acid, tigecycline, novobiocin, rifampin, trimethoprim and dyes such as acridine, safranin, pyronin, and anionic detergents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate. Length (amino acid):
416Reference: Damier-Piolle et al. 2008; Pubmed- 18086852, Rajamohan et al. 2010; Pubmed- 20008046
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
hmrM | BacMet ID: BAC0189Code for:
EffluxFamily: MATE familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Haemophilus influenzaeLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Acriflavine [class: Acridine], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Sodium Deoxycholate (SDC) [class: Acid], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide]Description: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a Na+/drug antiporter. Confers resistance to norfloxacin, Acriflavine, doxorubicin, ethidium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium chloride, daunomycin, berberine and sodium deoxycholateLength (amino acid):
464Reference: Xu et al. 2003; Pubmed- 14695443
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
mdeA | BacMet ID: BAC0207Code for:
EnzymeFamily: Trans-sulfuration enzymes familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Pseudomonas putida (Arthrobacter siderocapsulatus)Location:
ChromosomeCompound: Cetrimide (CTM) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Chlorhexidine [class: Biguanides], Crystal Violet [class: Triarylmethane], Dequalinium [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Pentamidine [class: Diamidine], Pyronin Y [class: Xanthene]Description: Methionine gamma-lyase (MdeA)Length (amino acid):
398Reference: Huang et al. 2004; Pubmed- 14982783, Yamada et al. 2006; Pubmed- 16595922, Huet et al. 2008; Pubmed- 18832320
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
mepA | BacMet ID: BAC0221Code for:
EffluxFamily: Multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) family (MepA subfamily)Sequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Only gram +ve, Staphylococcus aureusLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Chlorhexidine [class: Biguanides], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Dequalinium [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Pentadiamine [class: Diamidine], Trimethylamine-diphenylhexatriene (TMA-DPH) [class: Diphenylhexatriene], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Cetrimide (CTM) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Crystal Violet [class: Triarylmethane], Pyronin Y [class: Xanthene]Description: Multidrug Export protein, Multidrug resistance efflux protein By similarity. Contributes to resistance to the glycylcycline antibiotic tigecycline, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin etc.Length (amino acid):
451Reference: McAleese et al. 2005; Pubmed- 15855508, Kaatz et al. 2005; Pubmed- 15855507, Huet et al. 2008; Pubmed- 18832320
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
norA | BacMet ID: BAC0282Code for:
EffluxFamily: Major facilitator superfamily (MFS), TCR/tet familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Staphylococcus aureusLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Cetrimide (CTM) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Chlorhexidine [class: Biguanides], Crystal Violet [class: Triarylmethane], Dequalinium [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine] , Pentamidine [class: Diamidine], Pyronin Y [class: Xanthene], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)]Description: Quinolone resistance protein norA, Involved in quinolone resistance. May constitute a membrane-associated active efflux pump of hydrophilic quinolones.Length (amino acid):
388Reference: Yoshida et al. 1990; Pubmed- 2174864, Huet et al. 2008; Pubmed- 18832320
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
qacA | BacMet ID: BAC0319Code for:
EffluxFamily: Major facilitator superfamily (MFS)Sequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Only gram +ve, Staphylococcus aureusLocation:
Plasmid VRSAp, pSK1 (S. Aureus)Compound: Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Chlorhexidine [class: Biguanides], Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Crystal Violet [class: Triarylmethane], Pyronin Y [class: Xanthene], Quinaldine red [class: Quinolines], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Safranin O [class: Azin], Cetrimide (CTM) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Alexidine [class: Biguanides], Amicarbalide [class: Diamidine], Pentamidine [class: Diamidine], Hexamidine [class: Diamidine], Propamidine [class: Diamidine], Diamidinodiphenylamine [class: Diamidine], Dibrompropamidine [class: Diamidine], 1a-62/JC-1-127 [class: Guanylhydrazones], 1i-39/JC-1-134 [class: Guanylhydrazones], Stilbamidine [class: Diamidine], Phenamidine [class: Diamidine], Diminazene [class: Diamidine]Description: Antiseptic resistnce gene qacA; Confers export-mediated resistance against antiseptic and disinfectant compounds such as intercalating dyes, quaternary ammonium salts and diamidines. qacA and qacB are different in sequence similarities by just by 7 nucleotides. Length (amino acid):
514Reference: Tennent et al 1989; Pubmed- 2778425, Rouch et al. 1990; Pubmed- 2089219, Paulsen et al. 1996; Pubmed- 8622987, Mitchell et al. 1998; Pubmed- 9527814
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
qacB | BacMet ID: BAC0320Code for:
EffluxFamily: Major facilitator superfamily (MFS)Sequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Only gram +ve, Staphylococcus aureusLocation:
Plasmid pTZ2162 (S. Aureus)Compound: Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Pentamidine [class: Diamidine], Propamidine [class: Diamidine], Diaminodiphenylamine [class: Diamidine], Amicarbalide [class: Diamidine], Hexamidine [class: Diamidine], Stilbamidine [class: Diamidine], 1i-39/JC-1-134 [class: Guanylhydrazones], 1a-62/JC-1-127 [class: Guanylhydrazones]Description: Antiseptic efflux pump qacB. qacA and qacB are different in sequence similarities by just by 7 nucleotides. Length (amino acid):
514Reference: Alam et al. (2003), Pubmed- 12820795, Nakaminami, H. et al. (2008); Littlejon et al. 1992; Pubmed- 1526458, Paulsen et al. 1996; Pubmed- 8622987, Mitchell et al. 1998; Pubmed- 9527814
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
qacR | BacMet ID: BAC0328Code for:
RegulatorFamily: Contains 1 HTH tetR-type DNA-binding domainSequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Staphylococcus aureusLocation:
Plasmid pSK1 (S. aureus)Compound: Chlorhexidine [class: Biguanides], Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Dequalinium [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Pentamidine [class: Diamidine], Propamidine [class: Diamidine], Diaminodiphenylamine [class: Diamidine]Description: HTH-type transcriptional regulator QacR, Transcriptional repressor of qacA. Binds to IR1, an unusually long 28 bp operator, which is located downstream from the qacA promoter and overlaps its transcription start site. QacR is induced from its IR1 site by binding to one of many structurally dissimilar cationic lipophilic compounds, which are also substrates of QacA.Length (amino acid):
188Reference: Grkovic et al. 1998; Pubmed- 9660841
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
smdA | BacMet ID: BAC0353Code for:
EffluxFamily: ABC superfamilySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Serratia marcescensLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide]Description: Multidrug efflux pump SmdALength (amino acid):
591Reference: Matsuo et al. 2008; Pubmed- 18024518
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
smdB | BacMet ID: BAC0354Code for:
EffluxFamily: ABC superfamilySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Serratia marcescensLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide]Description: Multidrug efflux pump SmdBLength (amino acid):
592Reference: Matsuo et al. 2008; Pubmed- 18024518
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
smfY | BacMet ID: BAC0363Code for:
EffluxFamily: MFS superfamilySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Serratia marcescensLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Acriflavine [class: Acridine], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Methyl Viologen [class: Paraquat], Benzylkonium Chloride (BAC) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)]Description: Multidrug efflux pump SmfYLength (amino acid):
490Reference: Shahcheraghi et al. 2007; Pubmed- 17409524
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
smrA | BacMet ID: BAC0364Code for:
EffluxFamily: ABC superfamilySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Stenotrophomonas maltophiliaLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine]Description: ABC-type multidrug efflux pump protein SmrALength (amino acid):
610Reference: Al-Hamad et al. 2009; Pubmed- 19643774
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
vcaM | BacMet ID: BAC0417Code for:
Binding proteinFamily: ABC superfamilySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Vibrio choleraeLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Acridine Orange [class: Acridine]Description: ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein VcaM; Inner membrane proteinLength (amino acid):
619Reference: Huda et al. 2003; Pubmed- 12878498
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
vcmA | BacMet ID: BAC0422Code for:
EffluxFamily: MATE familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Vibrio chloeraeLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide], Acriflavine [class: Acridine]Description: Multidrug efflux pump vcmA that functions as a Na+/drug antiporter. Confers resistance to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, daunomycin, doxorubicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, ethidium bromide, 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole and AcriflavineLength (amino acid):
457Reference: Huda et al. 2001; Punmed: 11583854
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
vcrM | BacMet ID: BAC0423Code for:
EffluxFamily: MATE family, DinF-subfamilySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Vibrio cholerae non-O1Location:
ChromosomeCompound: Acriflavine [class: Acridine], 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Hoechst 33342 [class: Bisbenzimide], Rhodamine 6G [class: Xanthene], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine]Description: A Na+/drug antiporter-type multidrug efflux pump vcrMLength (amino acid):
445Reference: Huda et al. 2002; Pubmed- 12906102
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |
vmrA | BacMet ID: BAC0431Code for:
EffluxFamily: MATE familySequence: FASTACross-database IDs: LinkOrganism: Vibrio parahaemolyticusLocation:
ChromosomeCompound: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) [class: Diamidine], Acriflavine [class: Acridine], Ethidium Bromide [class: Phenanthridine], Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) [class: Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)]Description: Na+-coupled multidrug efflux pump VmrA; confers resistance to cationic drugs (4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP), Acriflavine, ethidium)Length (amino acid):
447Reference: Chen et al. 2002; Pubmed- 11751837
| Similar
resistance genes in 'BacMet Predicted database' |